Although both microphones convert sound waves into a voltage and then send them to a pre-amp, the difference is in the way this energy is converted. Dynamic microphones use electromagnetism to turn sound waves into voltage that is then sent on to the microphone preamp. They use sound waves to vibrate the diaphragm and and that is how they create electricity, which is then increased with the use of a transformer, and is then sent to the output of the microphone, thus creating sound. Condenser microphones a small amount of electricity that works as a battery. Sound waves then vibrate the diaphragm with a magnetic plate that is behind it and this will boost the voltage which is sent through a phantom power supply (+48V) to increase it and send it to the microphone.
A word on the common applications of dynamic and condenser microphones. Dynamic mics will often be used for scenarios like a live performance where there is a loud sound source. They are mainly considered best-fit for loud, live vocals. They are also good for brass instruments, keyboards, drums and guitar amplifiers. Condenser mics are the preferred type for studio applications to achieve a bigger, natural tone. Some examples of what they’re typically used for includes acoustic guitars, bass drums, piano and vocals.
The difference between the polar patterns is usually, dynamic microphones have a cardioid or supercardioid pattern, whereas condensers can have any pattern. Condenser mics often have the ability to change polar patterns.
There is a difference in how they work. The dynamic mics use a diaphragm, voice coil and a magnet to pick up the sound waves and convert them into an electrical signal. Condenser mics use an electrically-charged diaphragm, which when vibrates, and an electrical signal is generated that is proportional to the sound.
- On 11/02/2024
